| Omphiscola glabra | |
|---|---|
| Omphiscola glabra | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Panpulmonata clade Hygrophila |
| Superfamily: | Lymnaeoidea |
| Family: | Lymnaeidae |
| Subfamily: | Lymnaeinae |
| Genus: | Omphiscola |
| Species: | O. glabra |
| Binomial name | |
| Omphiscola glabra (Müller, 1774)[1] |
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| Synonyms | |
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Omphiscola glabra is a species of small to medium-size, air-breathing, freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae.[2]
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This European snail can be found from southern Scandinavia (61° N) to southern Spain.[3]
The distribution of Omphiscola glabra is very scattered and rare.[3] It is seriously threatened, at many places extinct.[3] It is threatened by continuous habitat destruction by drainage and intensive farming.[3] Acriculturally induced eutrophication and dreinage are threats. Omphiscola glabra has disappeared widely from urbanized areas such as London.[3]
The shell is strongly cylindrical, horny, often with colored with brownish or blackish cover, apex blunt, 7-8 moderately convex whorls, with last whorl being twice as high as the narrow aperture, and with aperture often with white lip.[3]
The height of the shell is 9–12 mm,[3] up to 15 mm[5] or up to 20 mm.[3] The width of the shell is 3–4 mm,[3] up to 5.5 mm.[5]
This snail lives in places such as swampy meadows and ditches.[6]
Omphiscola glabra occur in small waters rich in vegetation, swamps and standing forest waters with leaf litter, often in water with organic iron contents and low calcium contents.[3] In Britain, they occur in small standing waters low in nutrients, with poor aquatic flora, often in waters drying out periodically.[3] They usually do not occur in habitats with high molluscan diversity, and usually on uncultivated land.[3] They are calciphile and have a pH tolerance of 5.4-8.8.[3]
Reproduction begins in May.[3] Juveniles hatch after 15–25 days.[3] Omphiscola glabra has two generations per year.[3]
Omphiscola glabra can serve as intermediate host of several digenean trematodes. In France, Omphiscola glabra was naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica,[7] Paramphistomum daubnei,[8] and Haplometra cylindracea.[9] Moreover, recent report suggested that the species is also susceptible to Fascioloides magna infection.[10]
This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.[3]